With the arrival of digital technologies, digital transformation was primarily triggered by our curiosity to see which of our mental capabilities we could hand over to these new machines. This curiosity, coupled with creative experimentation, led to many innovations. This in turn, by design or by accident, led to an accumulation of deep and lasting transformations in society and business. Early IT systems were mostly supporting humans in relatively simple mental tasks, such as calculations, information retrieval and information replication. As the technology evolved, however, more and more of our mental capabilities have fallen within its reach. IT systems now routinely replace tasks that were once considered exclusively human. Well-designed and well-managed IT systems can often do these tasks faster, cheaper and more reliably than humans can. When not so well put together, however, IT systems can also cause more trouble faster than the average worker, and continue to do so for far longer.